【英文标准名称】:InsulatedWireConnectorsforUsewithUndergroundConductors
【原文标准名称】:地下导体的绝缘导线联接器
【标准号】:ANSI/UL486D-1985
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1985
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(ANSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:埋设电缆;绝缘连接(件);电缆连接条
【英文主题词】:cableconnectionstrips;undergroundcables;insulatingjoints
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:L24
【国际标准分类号】:29_120_20
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforConditionMonitoringofUsedLubricantsbyTrendAnalysisUsingFourierTransformInfrared(FT-IR)Spectrometry
【原文标准名称】:利用傅立叶变换红外线(FT-IR)光谱测定法通过趋势分析监测使用过的润滑剂状态的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME2412-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.96
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:条件控制;工业用油;变换;分析;光谱测定法;红外线;润滑剂;傅立叶
【英文主题词】:additivepackages;basestockdegradation;conditionmonitoring;contamination;Fouriertransforminfrared;FT-IR;fuel;glycol;infrared;IR;lubricatingoils;nitration;oxidation;petroleumbasedextremepressurelubricants;petroleumlubricants;polyolestersyntheticlubricants;soot;sulfates;trendanalysis;water
【摘要】:Periodicsamplingandanalysisoflubricantshavelongbeenusedasameanstodetermineoverallmachineryhealth.Atomicemission(AE)andatomicabsorption(AA)spectroscopyareoftenemployedforwearmetalanalysis(forexample,TestMethodD5185).Anumberofphysicalpropertytestscomplimentwearmetalanalysisandareusedtoprovideinformationonlubricantcondition(forexample,TestMethodsD445,D2896,andD6304).MolecularanalysisoflubricantsandhydraulicfluidsbyFT-IRspectroscopyproducesdirectinformationonmolecularspeciesofinterest,includingadditives,fluidbreakdownproductsandexternalcontaminants,andthuscomplementswearmetalandotheranalysesusedinaconditionmonitoringprogram(1,4-8).1.1ThispracticecoverstheuseofFT-IRinmonitoringadditivedepletion,contaminantbuildupandbasestockdegradationinmachinerylubricants,hydraulicfluidsandotherfluidsusedinnormalmachineryoperation.Contaminantsmonitoredincludewater,soot,ethyleneglycol,fuelsandincorrectoil.Oxidation,nitrationandsulfonationofbasestocksaremonitoredasevidenceofdegradation.Theobjectiveofthismonitoringactivityistodiagnosetheoperationalconditionofthemachinebasedonfaultconditionsobservedintheoil.MeasurementanddatainterpretationparametersarepresentedtoallowoperatorsofdifferentFT-IRspectrometerstocompareresultsbyemployingthesametechniques.1.2Thispracticeisbasedontrendinganddistributionresponseanalysisfrommid-infraredabsorptionmeasurements.Whilecalibrationtogeneratephysicalconcentrationunitsmaybepossible,itisunnecessaryorimpracticalinmanycases.Warningoralarmlimits(thepointwheremaintenanceactiononamachinebeingmonitoredisrecommendedorrequired)canbedeterminedthroughstatisticalanalysis,historyofthesameorsimilarequipment,roundrobintestsorothermethodsinconjunctionwithcorrelationtoequipmentperformance.Thesewarningoralarmlimitscanbeafixedmaximumorminimumvalueforcomparisontoasinglemeasurementorcanalsobebasedonarateofchangeoftheresponsemeasured().Thispracticedescribesdistributionsbutdoesnotprecludeusingrate-of-changewarningsandalarms.Note1Itisnottheintentofthispracticetoestablishorrecommendnormal,cautionary,warningoralertlimitsforanymachinery.Suchlimitsshouldbeestablishedinconjunctionwithadviceandguidancefromthemachinerymanufacturerandmaintenancegroup.1.3Spectraanddistributionprofilespresentedhereinareforillustrativepurposesonly,andarenottobeconstruedasrepresentingorestablishinglubricantormachineryguidelines.1.4Thispracticeisdesignedasafast,simplespectroscopiccheckforconditionmonitoringofusedlubricantsandcanbeusedtoassistinthedeterminationofgeneralmachineryhealththroughmeasurementofpropertiesobservableinthemid-infraredspectrumsuchaswater,oiloxidation,andothersasnotedin.Theinfrareddatageneratedbythispracticeistypicallyusedinconjunctionwithothertestingmethods.Forexample,infraredspectroscopycannotdeterminewearmetallevelsoranyothertypeofelementalanalysis.Thepracticeaspresentedisnotintendedforthepredictionoflubricantphysicalproperties(forexample,viscosity,totalbasenumber,totalacidnumber,etc.).Thispracticeisdesignedformonitoringusedlubricantsandcanaidinthedeterminationofgeneralmachineryhealthandisnotdesignedfortheanalysisoflubricantcomposition,lubricantperformanceoradditivepackageformulations.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoft......
【中国标准分类号】:E34
【国际标准分类号】:75_100
【页数】:22P.;A4
【正文语种】: